History
Pages of history
Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences was established according to the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR № 1015 dated 11 December, 1978 as the Krasnoyarsk Branch of the Siberian Division of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, which was transformed into the Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR № 1137 dated 25 October, 1988.
The establishment and intensive development of academic science in the Krasnoyarsk Region became possible owing to the great contribution of outstanding Russian scientists and talented administrators, in particular, the Hero of Socialist Labor, Academician L.V. Kirensky, the creator and first director of the Institute of Physics of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences (1958–1969) and Academician A.B. Zhukov, the creator and first director of the Institute of Forest and Wood of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences (1958–1977), as well as owing to the contribution of their followers: Academician K.S. Alexandrov, laureate of the State prize of the USSR, director of the L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics, SB RAS (1981–2003), Academician A.S. Isaev, laureate of the Gold Medal of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations, director of the Institute of Forest and Wood, SB USSR Academy of Sciences (1979–1988), Academician E. A. Vaganov, director of the Institute of Forest, SB RAS(1992 -2006), Academician I.A. Terskov, director of the Institute of Physics, SB USSR Academy of Sciences (1969–1981) and first director of the Institute of Biophysics (1981–1984), Academician I.I. Gitelson, the creator (together with I.A. Terskov) and director of the Institute of Biophysics SB RAS (1984–1996.), Corresponding member of RAS A.G. Degermendzhi, director of the Institute of Biophysics SB RAS (since 1996). The following scientists played a great role in the establishment and successful work of the Computational Center in Krasnoyarsk: Academician G.I. Marchuk, Corresponding member of RAS V.G. Dulov, director of the Krasnoyarsk Computational Center, SB USSR Academy of Sciences (1974–1983), Academician J.I. Shokin, director of the Krasnoyarsk Computational Center SB RAS (1983–1991), Corresponding member of RAS, laureate of the State Prize V.V. Shaidurov, director of the Institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS (since 1991). The establishment of the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences was highly significant for further development of academic chemical science in the Krasnoyarsk Region. The Institute was headed by the following scientists: Doctor of Chemical Sciences, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR S.P. Gubin (1981), Corresponding member of RAS, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR A.I. Kholkin (1981–1990), Corresponding member of RAS, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR and Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation G.L.Pashkov, director of the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical technology SB RAS (1990 -2009). Under the supervision of the Corresponding member of RAS, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR V.L. Mironov, the head of the department of the Earth remote sensing a number of important results were obtained in the area of microwave radio location and radiometry of the earth cover.
From 1958 till 1977 the Academician Zhukov Anatoly Borisovich was the chairman of the Board of directors of the Institutes of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences in Krasnoyarsk.
From 1977 till 1979 the Academician Terskov Ivan Alexandrovich worked as a chairman of the Board of directors of the Institutes of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences in Krasnoyarsk.
In the period from 1979 till 1988 the Academician A.S. Isaev was in charge of the Presidium of the Krasnoyarsk Branch of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences.
From May, 1988 till December, 1988 the Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences V.F. Shabanov was elected as the Acting Chairman of the Presidium of the Krasnoyarsk Branch of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences, and then, from December 1988 till April 1989 he was appointed as the Acting Chairman of the Presidium of the Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences. In April 1989 he was elected to the position of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Krasnoyarsk Branch of the SB USSR Academy of Sciences.
The institutes incorporated into the Center have a unique joint research infrastructure, an integrated land area in Akademgorodok and highly professional staff.
Currently, the Federal Research Center «Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences» includes:
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, SB RAS
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics, SB RAS
- Institute of Biophysics, SB RAS
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, SB RAS
- Institute of Computational Modeling, SB RAS
- Special Designing and Technological Bureau «Nauka», KSC SB RAS
- Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North
- Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture
- Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Animal Husbandry
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Ecology of the Arctic
- West-Siberian Department of the V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, SB RAS
- House for Scientists, KSC SB RAS.
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Center for Collective Use, SB RAS;
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Geoinformation Center;
- International Scientific Center for the Study of Extreme States of the Organism, including the immunology section;
- Department of Molecular Electronics, including the Section of Physics of Nanophase materials;
- Department of Earth Remote Sensing;
- Department of Radio Engineering and Electronics.
At the Presidium of KSC SB RAS the foreign languages and philosophy departments provide annual training for dozens of young specialists and employees of the Science Center and Higher educational establishments of the city.
To ensure scientific activities, KSC SB RAS has libraries, publishing houses, archives, museums, scientific expeditions and other scientific support institutions (general utilities).
Currently, about 1800 people work in the institutions of KSC SB RAS, including 1400 people in scientific research institutes, among them: 600 research associates: 2 Academicians, 4 Corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 140 Doctors of Science, 380 Candidates of Science, 160 post-graduate students.
The main tasks of fundamental and applied research of scientific institutions of the Center are research and development based on scientific investigations, providing the main contribution to the socio-economic and scientific-technological development of the Region. The most important are the programs of environmental safety of the population and environment, sustainable environmental management based on geoinformation monitoring using Russian and foreign satellites to predict and manage emergency situations in the Krasnoyarsk Region. The scientific institutes are also concerned with the creation of promising telecommunication and integrated communication facilities based on new technologies and devices of micro- and nanoelectronics and information technologies as well as with the development of high-tech technologies, including nanotechnologies, for creating new materials with unique properties based on waste-free processing of industrial waste products, recycling low-grade wood, wastes from the woodworking and pulp and paper industries, introduction of highly efficient technological schemes for processing ores and concentrates, integrated use and processing of plant and animal raw materials and obtaining new drugs and biologically active plant growth promoting substances on their basis.
The investigations are carried out according to the Program of fundamental scientific research of the state academies of sciences for 2008-2012, programs of the Branches and Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, federal target programs, integration programs and projects of SB RAS, programs of the Russian Foundation for Humanities, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, regional scientific and technical programs of the Krasnoyarsk Region.
Technical, environmental, social and economic assessments of the construction of the Boguchanskaya hydroelectric power station were carried out, and based on these estimates the Administration of the Krasnoyarsk Territory adopted a Resolution on the launch of the first hydropower units at a lower mark, which allowed saving large material and financial resources. The predictions and assessment of the state of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and biomedical situation as influenced by the Boguchanskaya power station were made.
Comprehensive environmental studies conducted within the territory of the Region led not only to the creation of environmental passports for the largest enterprises of the city, but also to the creation of large-scale environmental maps of the Region and Krasnoyarsk.
The Concept of social and economic development of the Krasnoyarsk Territory for the period up to 2010, approved by the Decree of the Administration of the Krasnoyarsk Region, was developed. A program of socio-economic development of Krasnoyarsk for the period up to 2010 was developed.
The Presidium of KSC SB RAS coordinates the establishment of basic departments at the Institutes of the Center, cooperates with universities in terms of the creation of a network of Dissertation Boards at higher educational establishments and Institutes for training highly qualified specialists for academic and university science of the Region. About 200 post-graduate students and doctoral candidates are trained annually at the institutes of the Center, more than a thousand graduate students of leading universities of the Region study at basic departments.
About 12 thousand inhabitants live in Akademgorodok of KSC SB RAS, the residential areas amounts to almost 400 thousand square meters. In the last decade, intensive housing construction has been underway: new flats and apartments are being built, including those for young scientists.